Auto Headings

English | 简体中文

Automatic heading numbering for Obsidian — the kind that survives editing, renaming, and reorganizing your notes.

The problems this plugin solves

You insert a section in the middle of a long document, and now every number after it is wrong. Manually renumbering 2.3 → 2.4 → 2.5 … across a 40-heading spec or a semester's worth of lecture notes is tedious and error-prone. Auto Headings recomputes the whole file automatically, every time you stop typing.

You rename a numbered heading, and every [[note#heading]] or [label](note.md#heading) link pointing at it breaks. Most numbering plugins only touch the number and leave the link text stale. Auto Headings' backlink sync rewrites both Wikilinks and Markdown links across your vault in the same edit — rename the text, not just the number, and links still resolve.

One numbering style never fits your whole vault. Meeting notes want 1 / 1.1 / 1.1.1. A book manuscript wants 第一章 / 一、. An academic paper wants to skip "Contents" and "References" from the count entirely. Auto Headings lets every folder — even every file — use its own template, with a whitelist for the headings that shouldn't be numbered at all.

Install it and you get 1 / 1.1 / 1.1.1 numbering the moment you edit a note — zero configuration. Then customize as much or as little as you need.

Out of the box

Everything below is what you get the moment the plugin is enabled, before you open the settings panel once.

• Zero configuration. Install it, open a note, and headings from H2 down get 1 / 1.1 / 1.1.1 numbering the moment you edit — no setup needed.
• Your heading levels are sacred. The plugin only adds or removes number prefixes — it never rewrites #/##/###. Multiple top-level # H1s in one file are left alone and treated as section boundaries (numbering under each one restarts).
• Doesn't fight you while you type. Renumbering runs on a debounce (50–2000 ms, adjustable) after you stop typing, and rewrites the whole file in a single editor transaction — one Ctrl/Cmd+Z undoes it, and your cursor position is preserved.
• No background cost, no matter how big your vault is. The plugin only ever parses and rewrites the file you're actively editing — triggered by an edit, a manual command, or a settings change reapplied to the active file. It never scans your vault for "every file using template X." Files you haven't opened are only touched by bulk actions you explicitly confirm (batch renumber on a path rule, vault-wide clear), and adding more templates or path rules costs nothing while you're idle.
• Two independent switches, plus a manual override. Enabling the plugin isn't the same as turning it loose on your whole vault: a global auto-numbering toggle decides whether editing a note triggers renumbering at all. Add obsidian-auto-headings: true or false to a note's frontmatter to override that toggle for one file — force it on while everything else stays untouched, or force it off for a file you don't want the plugin near. The Renumber now command ignores both: typing a command is explicit enough intent to skip every switch and renumber immediately.
• Configuration lives in Settings, not in your notes. Templates, path rules, and the whitelist are all managed from the settings panel — nothing gets written to frontmatter except that one optional override key above. Open a note and there's no sign the plugin is even installed.
• Bilingual out of the box. The entire UI follows Obsidian's own language setting (English / 简体中文), or can be locked to one manually. Fully usable on mobile (isDesktopOnly: false).
• Type it, link it. While typing in any note, Auto Headings suggests vault headings that match what you've written — press Tab (or tap on mobile) and your text is expanded to the heading's full name as a clickable link to that heading. Also on by default, and it works for already-numbered headings too.

Quick start

1. Install and enable the plugin (see Install).
2. Open any note and edit it — headings from H2 down get numbered automatically.
3. Open Settings → Auto Headings if you want to go further:
   • General: language, global auto-numbering toggle, backlink sync, heading link suggestions, debounce delay.
   • Paths & templates: the path-rule table and the template editor (live preview, whitelist).
   • Sensitive actions: the three cleanup entries.
4. Per-file override: add obsidian-auto-headings: true/false in frontmatter to force-enable/disable a single file. The command Renumber now bypasses all switches.

Customize it

Once the defaults aren't enough, this is what you reach for.

Rename freely — links follow

Most heading-numbering plugins update the number but leave stale link text behind. This one keeps them in sync.

<!-- note.md, before -->
## 1 Foo

<!-- other.md -->
See [[note#Foo]] for details.
See [the same section](note.md#Foo) in Markdown-link style.

You edit the heading — text, not just the number:

<!-- note.md, after -->
## 2 Foobar

The reference updates itself, automatically, in the same edit:

<!-- other.md -->
See [[note#Foobar]] for details.
See [the same section](note.md#Foobar) in Markdown-link style.

No broken anchors, no manual find-and-replace across your vault. The approach builds on Header Enhancer, the only other plugin that tackles this problem, with several targeted improvements layered on top — atomic writes so an interrupted update can't half-corrupt a file, safer handling of duplicate headings, and more. (A few edge cases — duplicate heading names, block references, multi-level anchors — are left untouched on purpose; see Notes.)

On by default, with a one-time explanatory notice the first time it actually rewrites a link. Can be turned off in Settings → General if you'd rather manage links yourself.

Fully customizable templates

Every heading level (H1–H6) has independent control over:

• Prefix and suffix (e.g. "第" + "章" → 第1章)
• Numeral style — seven of them: Arabic (1), Chinese (一二三), circled (①②③), lowercase/uppercase letters, lowercase/uppercase Roman numerals
• Number separator (the . in 1.1) and title separator (the space between the number and your heading text)
• Inherit-parent toggle — on by default (1.1.1); turn it off for a level to show only that level's own numeral (e.g. a) instead of 1.a))
• Inherit depth — inheriting is no longer all-or-nothing. It reaches up to the start level by default, but you can cap how many ancestors come along: H1 stands alone as 一、二、, H2 starts its own 1, and H3 picks up only its H2 parent for 2.1 — without dragging H1 into the prefix. Getting that middle ground used to mean pushing the start level deeper, which cancelled H1's numbering along with it
• Ancestor numeral rendering — solves a real conflict between two layout conventions. Outline style wants every ancestor segment to keep its own numeral shape as it's embedded in a deeper prefix (1.a.①). Chinese-book style wants the opposite: the chapter heading itself reads 一, but drops to Arabic the moment it becomes an ancestor inside a section number (一 at H2, 1.1 at H3). A single numeral setting can't satisfy both directions at once, so ancestorNumeral controls just the ancestor segments, independent of how a level renders on its own.

All of it previews live as you type, so you see the exact heading format before it's ever written to a file. Create as many named templates as you like (rename, edit, or delete them from the settings panel).

One template per folder — or per file

A path-rule table maps folders and individual files to a named template, most-specific match wins (a file-level rule beats its parent folder's rule). Use academic numbering in /papers, chapter-style numbering in /book, and the default 1 / 1.1 everywhere else — all in the same vault, no manual switching. The rule table supports drag-to-reorder, path autocompletion from your actual vault structure (browse folders level by level, or type to fuzzy-search), and warns you if you haven't set a root (/) fallback rule while global auto-numbering is on.

Two rule-level tools round this out: pick the pseudo-template "No numbering" to switch numbering off for a whole folder (no more per-file frontmatter flags — existing numbers are left frozen, not stripped), and use the per-rule batch renumber button to renumber every file the rule matches in one confirmed action (each file uses its own effective template; files opted out via frontmatter or containing foreign numbering are skipped).

Whitelist — keep structural headings out of the count

Headings like "Contents", "Appendix", or "References" shouldn't get a number and shouldn't consume a slot in the counter. The whitelist (configured per template) handles this with three match modes:

• Exact — the heading text matches the entry exactly
• Partial — the heading text contains the entry
• Subtree — the matched heading and everything nested under it are exempted as a block; numbering resumes fresh afterward (handy for an appendix that shouldn't disturb the chapter count that follows it)

Resetting the counter after a subtree block, rather than continuing where it left off, is the default behavior, not a setting you have to find — a survey of academic and technical citation conventions (APA, Chicago, IEEE, RFC, GB/T 7714) found that roughly 85% of them break numbering after an appendix-like block and restart afterward.

The default template ships pre-populated with common structural terms in both English and Chinese (Contents, Appendix, Figures, Tables, References, Acknowledgments, Abstract, Index, and their Chinese equivalents).

The editor itself is built for quick tweaking, not just a flat list:

• Click any existing entry's text to edit it in place — no delete-and-re-add round trip
• Match mode is a segmented toggle (= exact / ≈ partial / ▸ subtree) right on the row — one click to switch, with a bilingual tooltip explaining each icon
• A hit-count badge on each entry shows how many headings in the currently open file it exempts, and hovering it lists them
• A ⚠ warning icon appears when an exact/partial entry matches a heading that has child headings — a nudge to switch it to subtree mode if that's what you meant
• A search box and sort dropdown (by insertion order / A–Z / match mode) keep long whitelists manageable
• A live preview at the bottom of the panel shows exactly which headings in your current file are being exempted, right now

The whitelist matches on heading text, so it handles "this kind of word". When what you need is "this one line, in this one note" — say a "Scratch notes" heading that shouldn't be numbered here, while the same word is a real chapter elsewhere — append <!-- skip --> to the end of that heading line:

## Scratch notes <!-- skip -->

It's invisible in reading view. A skipped heading doesn't consume a counter slot, so the headings after it stay consecutive. Add the marker to a heading that already has a number and the next renumber removes that number. For now it affects only the line it's on, not the headings nested under it.

This is a fallback for the occasional one-off line, not the everyday path — use the whitelist to exclude a whole class of words. A one-click toggle next to the heading is planned, so you won't have to type it.

Cleanup commands, for when you need a clean slate

• Renumber now — force an immediate renumber of the current file (see Out of the box — this bypasses every switch)
• Clear numbering in current file — strip every number prefix this plugin ever wrote (or could have written), returning the file to bare headings. It also pauses that one file (by writing obsidian-auto-headings: false into its frontmatter) — otherwise your very next keystroke would put the numbers straight back. To hand the file back to the plugin, run Renumber now; it removes that property for you
• Clean foreign numbering — strip only numbering not written by this plugin (hand-typed 1. prefixes, imported document numbering, etc.) while leaving the plugin's own numbering untouched — the tool for taking over a document you didn't originate
• Clear numbering across the entire vault — a settings-panel button, deliberately not a command (so it can't be hotkey- or command-palette-triggered by accident), gated behind a confirmation dialog and tucked in a collapsed "danger zone" section

How it works — and one thing you should know

To tell its own numbering apart from your text, the plugin ends every prefix with an invisible Word Joiner character (U+2060): ## 1 ⁠My heading. This is what makes it safe — headings that merely look numbered (2024 Review, API design) are never mistaken for old numbering and eaten.

The idea of marking prefixes with an invisible Unicode character traces back to gurjar1/auto-heading-obsidian. This plugin adds a second safeguard on top of it: since 0.7.20 the marker sits at both ends of the prefix, not just the end. If you delete the trailing one while editing — say, trimming a suffix — the leading one survives as proof a plugin prefix was there, so the next renumber heals the line instead of either duplicating the number or guessing wrong.

What this means for you:

• The character is invisible and does not affect layout, export, or reading.
• It travels with copied/exported text; if you grep your files for exact heading text, be aware it sits between the number and the title — searching for "1 My heading" as one contiguous string will not match.
• Dataview: it reaches heading text through section (on TASK/LIST queries), through link subpaths, and through the metadata cache in DataviewJS — all of which carry this character. The simplest fix is to stop matching exactly: the numbering is always a prefix, so endswith(section.subpath, "My heading") just works with no escaping. Recipes for normalizing (and a correction: Dataview has no file.headers field, contrary to what this README used to claim) are in the marker character contract.
• Pasting into other apps (WeChat, Zhihu, Notion, email clients, etc.): copy sanitization is always on, with nothing to configure — when you copy or cut, the plugin strips this character from the clipboard so external apps receive clean text; pasting the same text back into your vault within the same session restores the original, so numbering re-flows without double numbers. (Added in 1.0.10 as a default-on switch; the switch was removed in 1.0.16 — never putting invisible characters in your clipboard is a promise this plugin keeps, not an option.) Sanitization only covers interactive copy/cut; if you obtain such text through some other route, strip it manually with .replace(/\u2060/g, "") in the destination app.
• If you remove numbering by hand and leave stray characters behind, the commands Clear numbering in current file / Clean foreign numbering will tidy things up.
• Coexistence with similar plugins: gurjar1/auto-heading-obsidian also tags its numbering with U+2060. Running it alongside this plugin is not supported — each would claim the other's prefixes as its own.
• For downstream developers: the marker's exact byte format, stability guarantees, and interop snippets live in the marker character contract.

Exporting & sharing

The numbering is real text, so it travels with your documents. Where each egress path stands:

• Copying into other apps: eliminated — copy sanitization is always on (the switch was removed in 1.0.16), so interactive copy/cut no longer carries the invisible character (see the clipboard note above).
• Pandoc: the numbers are already baked into the text, so don't let Pandoc number them again — exporting with --number-sections yields double numbering like 1.1 1.1 Introduction. Drop the ready-made filter assets/pandoc/strip-autoheadings.lua into your pipeline: by default it removes the plugin's prefixes so --number-sections produces clean single numbering, and -M autoheadings=strip-marker instead keeps the plugin's numbers and removes only the invisible character. Either way inline formatting inside headings (bold, code, links) survives. Verified against pandoc 3.10.
• PDF via Pandoc: exporting with --pdf-engine=typst produced no U+2060 anywhere in the PDF text layer — even without the filter, the marker is dropped before it reaches the page. Copy and search in the resulting PDF behave normally. Other PDF engines are untested.
• Obsidian's built-in "Export to PDF" / Obsidian Publish: still unverified. These are different pipelines (Electron print-to-PDF over the reading view; Publish's own anchor generation), so the Pandoc result above does not carry over. If you need a guarantee today, run the clear command before exporting.
• Want numbers visible only inside Obsidian, with zero file changes? A virtual numbering mode (render-layer numbering, never written to disk) is a roadmap candidate.

Install

From the community plugin store: already listed and searchable — Settings → Community plugins → Browse → search "Auto Headings", then install and enable directly. It has passed the store's automated checks; Obsidian's manual/editorial review is still pending (this doesn't affect installing or using the plugin).

Manually: download main.js, manifest.json, styles.css from the latest release into <vault>/.obsidian/plugins/auto-headings/, then reload Obsidian and enable the plugin.

Migrating from Number Headings

Number Headings has been unmaintained for roughly 2.5 years. Migrating takes three steps:

1. Disable Number Headings;
2. Enable this plugin and pick a template (the out-of-the-box default 1.1.1 is close to its style; path rules can assign different templates per folder);
3. Run Clean foreign numbering on your old files — it strips only numbering not written by this plugin (Number Headings' prefixes, hand-written ones, and imported documents all qualify), after which normal editing renumbers everything with your template.

Its two longest-standing open requests are both implemented here: excluding folders from numbering (pick the "No numbering" pseudo-template on a path rule) and skipping headings inside comment blocks (%%…%% and <!-- --> are ignored — not numbered, and they don't consume a counter slot either).

Commands

Notes

• Language: the plugin UI follows your Obsidian language automatically (English / 简体中文), or can be locked in settings. This README has a Chinese version.
• Backlink sync limits: Wikilinks and inline Markdown links/images are supported (Markdown fragments are URL-encoded on write). To avoid ambiguous or accidental edits, sync skips duplicate heading names, block references (^id), multi-level anchors (#A#B), external URLs, and Markdown-looking text inside inline/fenced code. Turning the sync on doesn't retroactively fix links that were already broken before it was enabled. It can also be turned off in Settings → General.
• Undo: single-file rewrites are one editor transaction — a single Ctrl/Cmd+Z undoes them. Backlink updates to other files are not part of that transaction. The vault-wide clear is not in the undo history; back up first.
• Mobile: supported (isDesktopOnly: false).

Uninstalling cleanly

The only things this plugin ever writes into your files are numbering prefixes and two invisible marker characters — all fully removable. Two ways out, depending on whether you want to keep the numbers:

Drop the numbering — Settings → sensitive operations → Clear numbering in entire vault (it first switches global auto-numbering off, so nothing gets renumbered mid-clear). Headings go back to bare text.

Keep the numbering — Settings → sensitive operations → Freeze numbering and release ownership. Every number stays exactly as it is, as ordinary text; only the invisible markers go, and the plugin stops numbering anything from then on. This is the one to use if you like your current numbering but no longer want a plugin managing it, or you're uninstalling and want to keep the result. Markers are removed vault-wide including inside link anchors, so your [[note#heading]] links keep resolving. Once frozen, the plugin can no longer tell those numbers were its own — that's the point, but it does mean the step is one-way: to hand control back, re-enable it and run Clean foreign numbering first, or the existing numbers get a second prefix stacked on top.

Then:

1. Disable / uninstall the plugin;
2. (Optional) remove obsidian-auto-headings keys from frontmatter — they're inert without the plugin.

Because the marker lives in the file bytes themselves, even years after uninstalling you can reinstall the plugin and run the vault-wide clear to strip its old numbering precisely; for external batch cleanup without reinstalling (a one-liner), see the marker character contract.

License

MIT